. Anatomie, descriptif et appliquée. L'anatomie. 328 LES ARTICULATIONS, ARTICULATIONS OB trochanter. Outre ces il y a une bourse entre le grand trochanter et la partie antérieure de l'gluteus medius ; entre le grand trochanter et la partie postérieure de l'gluteus medius ; entre le grand trochanter et le gluteus minimus ; sous le PjTiformis ; entre le muscle et le petit trochanter jusqu'Quadratus femoris muscle ; et il n'y a bursse sous le biceps femoris muscle. Mouvements.-Les mouvements de la hanche sont très vastes, et se composent de flexion, extension, adducfion s-ion, l'enlèvement, cir

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. Anatomy, descriptive and applied. Anatomy. 328 THE ARTICULATIONS, OB JOINTS trochanter. Besides these there is a bursa between the greater trochanter and the anterior part of the Gluteus medius; between the greater trochanter and the posterior part of the Gluteus medius; between the greater trochanter and the Gluteus minimus; beneath the PjTiformis muscle; between the lesser trochanter and the Quadratus femoris muscle; and there are bursse beneath the Biceps femoris muscle. Movements.—The movements of the hip are very extensive, and consist of flexion, exten- s-ion, adducfion, abduction, circumduction, and rotation. The hip-joint presents a very striking contrast to the shoulder-joint in the much more com- plete mechanical arrangements for its security and for the limitation of its movements. In the shoulder, as we have seen, the head of the humerus is not adapted at all in size to the glenoid cavity, and is hardly restrained in any of its ordinary movements by the capsular ligament. In the hip-joint, on the contrary, the head of the femur is closely fitted to the acetabulum for a distance extending over nearly half a sphere, and at the margin of the bony cup it is still more closely embraced by the cotyloid ligament, so that the head of the femur is held in its place by that ligament even when the fibres of the capsule have been cjuite divided (Humphry). The anterior portion of the capsule, described as the iliofemoral ligament, is the strongest of all the ligaments in the body, and is put on the stretch by any attempt to extend the femur beyond a straight line with the trunk. That is to say, this ligament is the chief agent in main- taining the erect position without muscular fatigue; for a vertical line passing through the. Fig. 263.—Relation oi ii i U t , t le capsule of the hip-joint. (From a drawing by Mr. F. A. Barton.) centre of gravity of the trunk falls behind the centres of rotation in the hip-joint, and therefore the pelvis tends to fall backward,

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