. Annales du Musée de l'Afrique du Sud  = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. L'histoire naturelle. MOUSEBIRDS pliocène de la gorge d'Olduvai 207 AXE 2. Fig. 6. Résultat de co-variance Biplot analyse basée sur les données de l'humérus mensural le de sept espèces de vie et combustibles mousebirds. 1  = Colius striatus (n  = 51) ; 2  = C. colius (n  = 19) ; 3  = C. leucocepha- lus (n  = 1) ; 4  = Colius cf. C. striatus (n  = 1) ; 5  = Urocolius macrourus (n  = 5) ; 6  = U. indicus (n  = 33) ; 7  = Colius hendeyi (n  = 4). A  = plus grande longueur (GLE) ; B  = largeur proximale (MPW) ; C  = profondeur tête maximale (MHD) ; D  = widt distale maximum

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. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. PLIOCENE MOUSEBIRDS FROM OLDUVAI GORGE 207 AXIS 2. Fig. 6. Result of co-variance biplot analysis based on mensural data of the humeri of seven species of living and fossil mousebirds. 1 = Colius striatus (n = 51); 2 = C. colius (n = 19); 3 = C. leucocepha- lus (n =1); 4 = Colius cf. C. striatus (n = 1); 5 = Urocolius macrourus (n = 5); 6 = U. indicus (n = 33); 7 = Colius hendeyi (n = 4). A = greatest length (GLE); B = maximum proximal width (MPW); C = maximum head depth (MHD); D = maximum distal width (MDW); E = maximum distal depth (MDD); F = minimum shaft width (MSW). Specimens with large values for these two variables are pulled towards them, e.g. group 4 {Colius cf. C. striatus), group 6 {Urocolius indicus), and some specimens of group 1 {Colius striatus). Conversely, those specimens with small GLE and MPW are plotted on the opposite side, e.g. group 7 {Colius hendeyi), group 2 (C. colius), and part of group 1 (C striatus). Axis 2, which accounts for 19 per cent of the variance, is defined by MPW and GLE. Specimens with large MPW are plotted in the same direc- tion of that variable (B), e.g. groups 5 and 6 {Urocolius macrourus and U. indicus). Specimens with small MPW and large GLE are on the lower half of the plot, e.g. group 2 {Colius colius), group 1 (C striatus), and group 4 {Colius cf. C. striatus). The extinct species Colius hendeyi (group 7) is very clearly separated from all the other species on account of it having both small GLE and MPW. Figure 7 shows the results using three measurements (GLE, MPW and MDW) of the ulnae of 118 specimens representing seven species of living and fossil mousebirds. Axis 1 accounts for 98, 8 per cent of the variance. It is defined by the variable GLE. Axis 2 is defined by variables MPW and MDW. The seven species are separated simi- larly as in Figure 1, with a certain amount of overlap between group 1 {Colius striatus) and group 2

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