Constructeurs de l'Italie unie . les féods jouent si peu de rôle dans l'histoire anglo-saxonne que nous avons du mal à comprendre l'importance de leur place dans les pays latins.l'Italie il y a un siècle a été la bataille-goimd des théromanticiens et des classiciens. Les Classiciens sont lésés dans une certaine vertu cloviée, une politique de non-résistance et la contemplation des pastglories. Ce fut l'ambition des Romanticiens de donner aux Italiens une littérature nationale originale, pas celle qui est comme un Soiuid de passer de la musique bricolant l'oreille et de mourir, mais celle qui les interprétera leurs aspirations, leurs idées, le

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Builders of united Italy . feuds play so little part in Anglo-Saxon history that we find it difficult to understandthe importance of their place in Latin countries.Italy a century ago was the battle-groimd of theRomanticists and Classicists. The Classicists be-lieved in a certain smug cloistered virtue, a policyof non-resistance, and the contemplation of pastglories. It was the ambition of the Romanticists to give Italians an original national literature, not one that is as a soiuid of passing music totickle the ear and die, but one that will interpretto them their aspirations, their ideas, their needs, their social movement. Alfieri had been preach-ing resistance to Austrian tyranny through hisdramas, the boy Mazzini first looked to him as apoHtical saviour of Italy. He wrote, these lit-erary disputes are bound up with all that is im-portant in social and civil hfe, and again thelegislation and literature of a people always ad-vance on parallel lines. Young Italy firsthoped to win freedom through its literature.. M A Z Z I I THE PROPHET 127 The ill-fated Carbonari rebellion of 1821 sentmany Piedmontese patriots flying through Genoato Spain. Giuseppe Mazzini, then sixteen years ofage, walking from church one Sunday morning inGenoa in company with his mother, was stoppedby a tall, gaunt-featured, black-eyed man whoheld out his hat asking alms for the refugeesof Italy. The scene made a tremendous impres-sion on the youths mind, for the first time he feltthat the cause of freedom was not a scholasticsubject, but one demanding the height of sacri-fice. He set himself to study the causes of thefailure of past uprisings, and at the same timededicated himself to the work of teaching his coun-trymen how they might succeed. The French Revolution had failed because ithad taught men only a knowledge of their rights, without any conception of their duties. Men hadnot learned the law of self-restraint, and their idealwas the greatest personal liberty rather than thegreatest perso

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