Culzean Castle is a castle overlooking the Firth of Clyde, near Maybole, Carrick, on the Ayrshire coast of Scotland. It is the former home of the Marquess of Ailsa, the chief of Clan Kennedy, but is now owned by the National Trust for Scotland. The cannons are thought to have been at Culzean for around 250 years, although they are much older than that. The bronze barrels are believed to have been made in Sussex in the Tudor period; one barrel has the year 1587 embossed on it. Bronze, although more expensive than iron, has the benefit of being more pliable when hot and thus less likely to explode and kill the firing crew. Iron cannons could explode unexpectedly and were also heavier. The bronze cannons were more manoeuvrable on the battlefield, but as the bronze heated up they would become less accurate as the metal would droop. The cannons would have fired iron balls using black gunpowder. Later brass decoration added to the cast-iron barrels dates to the time of Queen Anne (1702–14).
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