Histoire de l'art mediæval . te certitude quels changements ont été effectués dans les chambres de cette catacombe à son arrivée sous la juridiction de la theChurch; Mais il est probable que, même au cours des premières années, des espaces separalNew ont été ajoutés à ceux qui s'ouvrent déjà dans le corridor nord, que des passages prévus dans le plan de la Caecilian com-plex ont été excavés, et que plusieurs de ceux qui existent étaient con- CATACOMB DE CALIXTUS. 7 agrandi de manière latérale. {Fig. 2, b.) une toute nouvelle histoire sur un niveau inférieur a été projetée, et cette extension a été, en fait, commencée en fournissant un escalier large et profond

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History of mediæval art . te certainty what changes were effected in the chambers ofthis catacomb upon its coming under the jurisdiction of theChurch; but it is probable that, even during the first years, severalnew spaces were added to those already opening from the northerncorridor, that passages laid out in the plan of the Caecilian com-plex were excavated, and that several of those existing were con- CATACOMB OF CALIXTUS. 7 siderably enlarged. {Fig. 2, b.) An entirely new story upon a lowerlevel was projected, and this extension was, in fact, commenced byproviding a broad and deep staircase. But it was soon found thatthe lower stratum of earth differed from that previously worked in, and lacked the necessary solidity for tunnellings of this kind; thescheme was therefore relinquished. It is particularly unfortunatethat we are not able to determine in what relation the chief vaultof the necropolis, namely the burial chamber of the popes, stood tothe cemetery as it was before the time of Calixtus. This chamber. Fig. 3.—Third Crypt of the Northern Passage in the Catacomb of Calixtus. First Period. may well have existed under the Caecilians—it may even have beenthe tomb of St. Cecilia herself, as the remains of her body, whendiscovered in the ninth century, were not lying in their originalposition, but in a tomb which could not have been one of thoseearliest excavated. It is at least certain that, in the course of time, the Papal Vault was subjected to many changes. In form anddecoration it may be assumed to have resembled at first the cham-ber opposite to it, which is called, from the painting upon the ceil-ing, that of Orpheus; but we can only judge of the vault from theremains of the restoration, made in the time of Pope Damasus(A.D. 366-384), in which state it is represented by Fig. 4. 8 EARLY CHRISTIAN AND BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE. The general plan of the Catacomb of Calixtus {Fig. 2) is of ex-treme simplicity. The chief corridors form an oblong comprisingnearl

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