. Industries canadiennes forestières 1894-1896. L'exploitation forestière ; les forêts et la foresterie ; Produits forestiers ; l'industrie de pâte de bois ; industries du bois. Octobre, 1895 LE GJLfZJSJJDJL LUMBERMAN 13 n, éventuellement, 50 ou 60  %, de l'œuvre. Vous entendez souvent des tubes dans une chaudière à tubes d'eau de la ceinture et soient désormais à ; vous entendez souvent de l'ot d'ensachage le feu fiche technique en chaudières tubulaires. Pourquoi est-ce ? Le poids spécifique de l'huile est plus légère que celle de l'eau ; l'huile ne s'établir dans son état naturel. Nous l'expliquer comme suit : l'huile venant dans la chaudière, flotte sur l'eau ; il n'est j

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. Canadian forest industries 1894-1896. Lumbering; Forests and forestry; Forest products; Wood-pulp industry; Wood-using industries. October, 1895 THE GJLfZJSJJDJL LUMBERMAN 13 do, possibly, 50 or 60 per cent, of the work. You often hear of the tubes in a water-tube boiler buckling up and having to be taken out; you often hear of the bagging ot the fire-sheet in tubular boilers. Why is this ? The specific gravity of the oil is lighter than that of the water ; the oil does not settle in its natural state. We explain it as follows : The oil coming into the boiler floats on the water ; there is just a sufficient quantity of fresh watei coming in to convey salts of lime, magnesia, etc., which are thrown out of solution, chemically com- bining with the animal oil as insoluble oleates, and mechanically combining with the mineral oils as a heavy mass, both these chemical and mechanical com- binations being of a greater specific gravity than the water in the form of little globules, sinking to the bot- tom, the great chemical affinity and adhesive properties of this mixture causing them to adhere to the hot metal, and they, being a perfect non-conductor, retarding the transmission of the heat units to the water, concentrating heat in that part of the plate, causing the iron to melt, and the pressure in the boiler forces it down. Sodium salts, so commonly found in water, or where it is used to counteract this action, saponifies the oil, causing the boilers to foam and carry over into the engines, and should not be used. This defect can be successfully handled with tannin extracts, the tannates forming complex organic compositions with the oils of an inert, light, powdery nature, having no chemical affinity or physical adhesive properties and readily wash- ing out with the water at the opening of the bpiler. To prove this go to the tannery and watch the tanner take the hides out of his vat after he is through with the tanning process, and when he lets the liquor run out of th

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