L'Americana, une bibliothèque de référence universelle, comprenant les arts et les sciences, la littérature, l'histoire, biographie, géographie, du commerce, etc., du monde . de fer) en collaboration avec le charbon dans le tliosc andvaries houillères de districts considérablement dans la richesse culturelle du métal. Fig.2 est une représentation graphique de l'fluctuationsin le prix du charbon et du fer (marché de Londres) pour chaque année depuis 1873 jusqu'à l'année dernière. Une description de la mining se beincomplete sans une référence à la pro-duction d'ardoises, que dans aucun pays thereyielded ardoises sont de qualité égale à ceux qui ofNorth au Pays de Galles

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The Americana; a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world . of iron) in conjunction withthe coal in the collieries of tliosc districts andvaries considerably in richness of metal. Fig.2 is a graphic representation of the fluctuationsin the price of coal and iron (London market)for each year since 1873 up to last year. A description of British mining would beincomplete without some reference to the pro-duction of slates, as in no country are thereyielded slates of a quality equal to those ofNorth Wales. The mines proper are mostly inMerionethsliire. whereas tlie quarries are workedin Carnarvonshire, tlie Pcnryhn quarry, nearBan.ETOr, being the largest open working in theworld, the underground workings of the OakleySlate Quarry Company, Ltd., at Festiniog, Merionethshire, being the most extensive slatemine. The output of finished products from theindividual mines and quarries constitutes onlya part of what is drawn from the workings, itbeing calculated that there is a loss of abouttwo-thirds in tlio dressing (cutting and shap-ing) of the slates.. Fig. 4. No description is given in this review of theproduction of building and other stones derivedchiefly from quarries, as space does not permitof allusion to other than the more purelymining part of this subject. The chief sources of the mineral wealth ofthe United Kingdom is in the coal and irondeposits. Of the latter mention has alreadybeen made. The former far outweighs in im-portance ail other branches of mining classedtogether. Until the year 1899 the United Kingdomwas the largest producer of coal in the world(see Fi.g. 3) ; it now stands second, the UnitedStates having outstripped it in the race forsupremacy in this respect. When coal first came to be worked in thiscountry as a merchantable article, authorities arenot agreed. It may liavc been worked in adesultory and uncertain fashion in very remotetimes, but the first subs

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