. L'encyclopédie américaine de commerce, fabrique, droit commercial, et des finances. loys beaucoup de bons outils d'andsharp, appelé iinn-ers, scid/iers, drii-points. andburnishers, pour découper le cuivre, et à leaveclear et lisser les bords de chaque incision. Ifnearly l'ensemble de l'image est présentée dans incisedlines, droites et courbes, il est appelé ligne engrav-ing. li llie plaque est piraté ou entaillés tous les overwith crantée un instrument appelé un berceau, et l'appareil produit par les racloirs et brunissoirs sur thissurface, elle est appelée gravure à la gravure. Si l'enduit plateis avec une solution de résine en esprit

• Contributeur: The Reading Room / Alamy Banque D'Images
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• Dimensions: 1475 x 1693 px | 25 x 28,7 cm | 9,8 x 11,3 inches | 150dpi

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. The American encyclopædia of commerce, manufactures, commercial law, and finance. loys many fine andsharp tools, called iinn-ers, scid/iers, drii-points. andburnishers, to cut away the copper, and to leaveclear and smooth edges to every incision. Ifnearly the whole picture is presented in incisedlines, straight and curved, it is called line engrav-ing. li llie plate is hacked or notched all overwith a toothed instrument called a cradle, and thedevice produced by scrapers and burnishers on thissurface, it is called mezzotint engraving. If the plateis coated with a solution of resin in spirit ofwine, and aquafortis be made to act on this ma peoiliar way, it is aquatint engraving, somewhatresembline an Indian ink drawing. See, also, F.TCiiiNG. Steel-engraving differs little from cop-per-plate, except inthe hardness of the metal, andthe time required to cut into it. It is coming moreand more in use, owing to the large number of im-pressions that can be taken before the plate isworn out. Copper-Plate Maker, one who shapes, smooths, and prepares metal plates for engraving.. Fig. 102. — Rouixo-Press.Copper-Plate Printing differs from ordinaryletterpress printing in this, that whereas in the lat-ter the ink is on the surface, and avoids the hol-lows in the former it is in the hollows, and avoids COPPER-PYRITES 217 COPYRIGHT the surface. Tlie roliimj-press {Ff^-102) for copper-plate printing 1ms two rollers; a Hat boanl or tablec:in pass between tlieni, and by working the rollersthe table receives a horizontal movement to andfro. The copper-plate, having been finished by theengraver, is heated to 180° i, and then coatedwith ink by means of a linen rubber or pad, sorepeatedly and carefully applied as to insure thatevery line of the device shall receive a supply ofink. The surplus ink that covers the whole of thesurface is wiped otT, first with a cloth, and thenwith the hand. The plate thus inked is placedface uppermost on the table; a sheet of paper isplaced on it; three

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