. La biologie élémentaire, animale et humaine. La biologie. 42 LA BIOLOGIE HUMAINE Ces cellules sont donc trop petites pour être vues par le plus puissant des microscopes. L'histoire de la vie et le mode de transmission du micro- scopiques animal qui cause le paludisme a déjà été discutée dans le cadre de l'étude de l'Anopheles (A. B., 40). De même, il a été démontré au-delà de la cavil que l'infection d'un patient de la fièvre jaune ne peut être provoquée par l'Agence du moustique Stegomyia. Ainsi, pour éradiquer ces maladies entièrement, nous avons seulement besoin d'exterminer tous les Anopheles et Stegomyi

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. Elementary biology, animal and human. Biology. 42 HUMAN BIOLOGY These cells are therefore too small to be seen by the most powerful microscopes. The life history and method of transmission of the micro- scopic animal that causes malaria has already been dis- cussed in connection with the study of the Anopheles mosquito (A. B., 40). Likewise, it has been demonstrated beyond a cavil that infection from a yellow-fever patient can only be brought about through the agency of the Stegomyia mosquito. Hence, to eradicate these diseases entirely, we need only to exterminate all Anopheles and Stegomyia mos- quitoes. Sleeping sickness is a dread -cilia disease of the tropics which is due to a kind of Protozoan something like a Paramecium.. mucous cells in various stages of secretion Fig. 18.-^Ciliated cells from the windpipe. number of dirt particles. 40. Safeguards of the body against disease. ââ In the first place, the tough outer skin, as long as it is unbroken, forms a most effective barrier to the entrance of bacteria, except at the mouth and nose openings. Each of the nostrils is guarded by hairs that collect a large On the mucous membrane lining the nose and throat still other bacteria are caught, and the cells which line the windpipe are furnished with cilia, which lash upward (Fig. 18) and tend to expel the germs that may have gone past the outer lines of defense that we have named. If the bacteria enter the stomach and intestines in a living condition, many of them are digested with the food. And even though the invading microbes finally reach the interior of the cells of our lungs, or muscles, or brain, we can still rely upon the antitoxins which the cells of a healthy human. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Peabody, James Edward, b. 1869; Hunt, Arthur Ellsworth, joint author.

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