. La pollinisation des fleurs de manuel : d'après Hermann Mu ?ller 'le travail de la fécondation des fleurs par les insectes" . La fertilisation des plantes. 497952 AROIDEAE. Biarum Schot., et 953. Cryptocoryne Fisch. Les mécanismes de la fleur d'espèces appartenant à ces genres ressemblent à celle de nos 2930 et 2931. 954. Calla L., hermaphrodites protogynes fiowers, étroitement entassés sur un spadice charnu, avec une spathe peu profondes. 2932. C. palustris L. (Herm. Muller, Weit'. Beob.,' I, p. 283-4 ; Réchauffement climatique, Smaa '. o. morfol. Bidrag' ; Engler u. Prantl, Araceae, '' dans ' D. nat. Pflanzenfam.', II, 4 ; Knuth, Bot. Centralbl.,

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. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. AROIDEAE 497 952. Biarum Schot., and 953. Cryptocoryne Fisch. The flower mechanisms of species belonging to these genera resemble that of Nos. 2930 and 2931. 954. Calla L. Protogynous, hermaphrodite fiowers, closely crowded on a fleshy spadix, with a shallow spathe. 2932. C. palustris L. (Herm. Muller, ' Weit. Beob., ' I, pp. 283-4; Warming, ' Smaa bid. o. morfol. Bidrag'; Engler u. Prantl, ' Araceae, ' in ' D. nat. Pflanzenfam., ' II, 4; Knuth, Bot. Centralbl., Cassel, 11, 1892, pp. 289-91, ' Beitrage, ' I.)—The large, externally greenish spathe in this species surrounds the short-starsed inflorescence during the bud stage. When it unfolds it is about 3 cm. broad and 4 cm. long, and ends in a cornet-shaped tip almost a cm. long. This large, ovoid plate, white inside with a faint greenish tinge, serves as a ' sign- board.' The conspicuousness is still further increased by the short-stalked spadix, which is about 1-5 cm. long and o-8 mm. in diameter. Herm. Muller describes the flowers as nauseous, on account of their disagreeable odour. The flowers are markedly protogynous. The 30-50 stigmas appear in the first stage of anthesis as small, whitish circles, strongly papillose and viscous, on the ovaries. Those of the lower ones are receptive immediately after the opening of the spathe. The anthers only dehisce when some stigmas have shrivelled. In the first stage they are sessile; in the second they develop short stalks, so that they are raised to the level of the stigmas. Engler points out that the anthers dehisce quite without order, those of flowers situated above and below dehiscing simultaneously, while the stigmas always mature from below upwards, and in such a manner that the stigmas of the uppermost flowers and those facing the spathe can be self-pollinated, while the lowest are limited to cross-pollination. Visitors.—The foll

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