La pratique américaine de chirurgie : un système complet de la science et l'art de chirurgie chirurgiens orl . et dans différents pays, une grande divergence de vues. Parmi ceux qui methodswhich ont été vantée dans leur journée, mais passedout ont d'utilisation, peut être mentionné l'application locale d'blis-ters ou anti-irritants comme l'iode, la compression, la salivation, et le Seton. L'acupuncture et de l'électropuncture devraient encore seatof ont fracture quelques probablyhave adhérents, mais ils ont très peu de valeur. Le seton présente un certain intérêt dans thiscountry, comme un produit de l'intervention. Il wasfirst de

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American practice of surgery : a complete system of the science and art of surgery . ent surgeons and in different countries, a considerable divergence of views. Among those methodswhich have been vaunted in their day, but which have passedout of use, may be mentioned the local application of blis-ters or counter-irritants like iodine, compression, salivation, and the seton. Acupuncture and electropuncture to the seatof fracture have still a few adherents, but they probablyhave very little value. The seton is of some interest in thiscountry, as a product of early American surgery. It wasfirst demonstrated and introduced into general use by Physick, of Philadelphia, and although strongly opposed from the be-ginning, particularly by English and French surgeons, suchas Brodie, Syme, Larrey, and Yelpeau, it had many strong supporters, especiallyin America. Norris said that the results in America had proved it to be one ofthe safest, least painful, and most effectual of the operations for this condition.To the credit of the older writers, however, it must be admitted that the. Fig. 10S.—Smiths Ap-paratus for Ununited Fract-ure of the Thigh. (Agnew.) Fig. 109.—SmithsApparatus for Un-united Fracture Be-low the Knee. (Ag-new.) 222 AMERICAN PRACTICE OF SURGERY. methods of treatment in vogue to-day are merely modifications of thoseadopted in the earliest times. Friction, produced by rubbing the ends of thefractured bone together, which is almost universally recommended at the pres-ent time as an early measure, is probably the oldest method of treatmentfor this condition, and was spoken of by Celsus. Avicenna had done the openoperation to freshen the fractured surfaces, although he considered it a dan-gerous and frequently fatal operation. Wiring the teeth for persistent defor-mity in fractures of the jaw was done in the time of Hippocrates. The chiefobjects of treatment to-day. which are to remove local disturbances, to pro-vide fixation of the fragments, and to stimulate bo

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• bookauthorbuckalbe
• bookcentury1900
• bookdecade1900
• bookyear1906