Le monde : historique et réelle . e donc les débuts de plusieurs tapis important. Frederick William I. wao occupé toute sa vie. withbeginnings Par sa parcimonie et son avarice il filledthe coffres de la couronne et l'habitude son subjectsto les difficultés. Il n'avait qu'une extravagance, aweakness pour un body-guard de géants. Pour ce ce-centricity il a dilapidé beaucoup de thalers. Un rudebarbarian qui a rendu la vie dans sa maison privateand (officielle) une longue misère, ce roi, quand hedied en 1740, était sincèrement pleurée par aucun. Il n'est la charité de croire qu'une veine de folie ranthrough sa composition.

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The world: historical and actual . e thus the beginnings of several important mat-ters. Frederick William I. wao busy all his life withbeginnings. By his parsimony and meanness he filledthe coffers of the crown and accustomed his subjectsto hardships. He had but one extravagance, aweakness for a body-guard of giants. For this ec-centricity he squandered many thalers. A rudebarbarian who made life in his household (privateand official) one long misery, this king, when hedied in 1740, was sincerely mourned by none. It isonly charity to believe that a vein of insanity ranthrough his composition. A few months laterCharles VI. also died. The former was succeededby Frederick II., called Frederick the Great, thelatter by the Empress Maria Theresa. The childhood and youth of Frederick were mis-erable owing tn the brutality of his father. Hewas a close student of Voltaire, whom he admired.and from whom he derived many broad and hu-mane ideas, which resulted in important reforms.By him torture was abolished and religious liberty. FREDEKICI- established; witchcraft was no Longer classed amongthe crimes. Frederick was in full sympathy withthat class of philosophers of whom Voltaire was thechief. Of late years France and the whole worldhave learned philosophy of Germany, but in theeighteenth century the order was reversed. Fred- erick was a man of war, however, and not a stu-dent, except as studies and letters were a recreation.Hardly had he seized the scepter when he drew thesword and rushed into war with Austria. For fiveyears with only slight rest there was bloodshed, oth-er countries being drawn into it. In 1745 peacewas restored, and on terms which were so advan-tageous to Prussia that Frederick was dubbed theGreat thus early in his reign. To those five years of war succeeded eleven yearsof peace. During that period Frederick did muchto strengthen Prussia. Waste lands were restored, and civil institutions improved. The cultivation ofthe potato, strenuously resisted by the pe

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