Les merveilles de mechanismA moderne résumé des progrès récents en mécanique, physique et sciences de l'ingénieur . es de papier en une heure, et en-génie des machines qui semblent presque à penser qu'ils ont mis l'aup cent mille types d'une journée de travail de dix heures. La qualité de l'impression exécuté a amélioré asfast comme la quantité. C'est en grande partie grâce à l'intro-duction de beaux papiers couverts qui sont maintenant producedas bon marché que sont les papiers pur chiffon sur qui newspaperswere imprimer il y a 30 ans. La charmante demi-tonepictures ont également eu une grande part dans le improvedappearance de printi

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The wonders of modern mechanismA résumé of recent progress in mechanical, physical, and engineering science . es of paper in an hour, and in-genious machines that almost seem to think as they set upa hundred thousand types in a working day of ten hours. The quality of the printing executed has improved asfast as the quantity. This is largely owing to the intro-duction of beautiful coated papers which are now producedas cheaply as were the rag papers on which newspaperswere printed thirty years ago. The delightful half-tonepictures also have had a large share in the improvedappearance of printing. These are fully treated of in thechapter on photo-mechanical processes. Let us first consider the improvements in printing-machines. Most prominent among makers in America has PROGRESS IN PRINTING. 349 been Richard Hoe, and after him Andrew Campbell, Tay-lor, Potter, Cottrell, etc. Hoe, Campbell, and Taylor eachintroduced cylinder newspaper presses, before the CivilWar, that would print one thousand papers an hour onone side, or by straining could be made to produce nearly double that speed. Fig. 84.. hoes sextuple perfecting press. These machines were so well designed that the two for-mer are manufactured to-day with few variations from theearly patterns, and can be found in thousands of countryprinting-offices. With the war, newspaper circulations in-creased, and publishers demanded faster machines. BothHoe and Taylor met the demand with double-cylindermachines, in which the bed of type was made to passunder two impression-cylinders at a single travel, so thatdouble the work could be done with them. By makingthe machine quite large and heavy, it was possible to ]>rintboth sides at once, on wliat is called the turn-and-cutprinciple, so that these presses really quadrupled the speedof the single cylinders, turning out usually two thousandfour hundred perfected papers an hour, Avhere the singlecylinder printed but one thousand two hundred on one sideonly. Soon, however,

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