. Manuel d'étude de la nature pour les enseignants et les parents, en fonction de la nature de l'étude de Cornell de dépliants. L'étude de la nature. Mines en serpentine nasturtium feuille. la tête du serpent ; ici il se transforme en pupe, après peut-être nibbUng un trou avec ses Httle JAWS, de sorte que lorsqu'il se transforme en une espèce d'httle doux et moelleux avec la bouche pour mordre lui suffire, il est en mesure de s'échapper. Chez certaines espèces, la chenille qui sort de la mine et va dans la terre pour passer à l'état de pupe. En maintenant jusqu'à la lumière d'une feuille ainsi extrait, nous pouvons voir pourquoi ce petit chap n'a jamais été obligé de nettoyer la maison ; il a exploité un nouveau prix

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. Handbook of nature-study for teachers and parents, based on the Cornell nature-study leaflets. Nature study. Serpentine mines in nasturtium leaf. the head of the serpent; here it changes to a pupa, perhaps after nibbUng a hole with its sharp Httle jaws, so that when it changes to a soft, fluffy httle moth with mouth unfitted for biting, it is able to escape. In some species, the caterpillar comes out of the mine and goes into the ground to change to a pupa. By holding up to the light a leaf thus mined, we can see why this little chap was never obliged to clean house; it mined out a new room every day, and left the sweepings in the abandoned mine behind. Mines of this sort are often seen on the leaves of nastur- tium, the smooth pigweed, columbine, and many other plants. There are mines of many shapes, each form being made by a different species of insect. Some flare suddenly from a point and are trumpet-shaped while some are mere blotches. The blotch mines are made, through the habits of the insect within them; it feeds around and around, instead of forging ahead, as is the case with the serpentine mjners. The larvas of beetles, flies and moths may mine leaves, each species having its own special food plant. Most of the smaller leaf mines are made by the caterpillars of the moths, which are fitly called the Tineina or Tineids. Most of these barely have a wing expanse that will reach a quarter of an inch and many are mtich smaller; they all have narrow wings, the hind wings being mere threads bordered with beautiful fringes. The specific names of these moths usually end in "ella;" thus, the one that mines in apple is malifoliella, the one in grain is granella. One of these little moths, Gelechia pinijoliella lives the whole of its growing life in half of a pine needle. The moth lays the egg at about the middle of the needle, and the little caterpillar that hatches from it, gnaws its way directly into the heart of the needle; and there, as snug as snug can

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