Nouvelles et ingénierie électriques . ;le risque supplémentaire des installations électriques est nosupérieur à celui des autres travaux électriques. Normalisation des règles compte tenu des diverses méthodes d'installation et des normes difleuses adoptées à travers les États-Unis, des tentatives vari-ous ont été faites pour normaliser les règles de l'opéra-tiiin et les précautions de sécurité. Il est bon d'examiner le côté le plus sérieux du problème, et les points d'importancesont traités de manière exhaustive dans un rapport recentlypublié par le Bureau américain des normes, n° 23, en- 82 THE ELECTRICAL NEWS intitulé Standadi

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Electrical news and engineering . ;langer and the extra risk from electrical installations is notabove that of other power workings. Standardization of Rules In view of the various methods of installation and diflfer-ent standards adopted throughout the United States, vari-ous attempts have been made to standardize rules of opera-tiiin and safety precautions. It is well to consider thisserious side of the problem, and the points of importanceare dealt with in an exhaustive manner in a report recentlyissued by the American Bureau of Standards, No. 23, en- 82 THE ELECTRICAL NEWS titled Standardization of Kleclrical Practice in Mints.The report includes variovis States of the Union, as wellas the reports of England and various European countries.Owing to the manner in which this report was preparedand to the representative character of the members of thecommittee, it is especially valuable. The report recog-nizes the differences that have developed in various partsof the country, and shows how trouble is avoided, by tlic. Fig. 3.—Air Cooled Transformer taking of practical precautions. The report is not yet alegal enactment, but no doubt it will influence legislationand will tend to standardize electrical designs by all prom-inent manufacturers. It will be to the advantage, therefore, of mining operators to study this phase of the question inorder that their developments may be in line with the workof the fraternity throughout the world. Electricity is used both direct and alternating at vari-ous pressures; low, :^00 volts and under; medium, 300 to600 volts; high, 600 to 3, 000 volts; extra high, over 3, 000volts. The pressure to be chosen depends entirely uponthe conditions, and the question of installation for the vari-ous pressures is also a particular problem. In gaseous coalmines, extra precautions are necessary and the location ofelectric apparatus fed by the higher voltages must l)e ar-ranged in accordance with supplies of fresh air. etc. Thereare some places in m

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