Model of the internal anatomy of an adult male pelvis (median section). The withdrawal of the digestive organs and the internal genitalia make it possible to view the pelvic wall. The inner surface of the anterior pelvic wall (on the left of the picture) is covered with the superficial fascia including fat (in yellow). It is followed by the rectus abdominis muscle (in red), which is bordered by a thick aponeurosis membrane (white line). The pelvic vascular network (arteries in red and veins in blue) includes: the common iliac artery (derived from the abdominal aorta, bringing the oxygenated blood to the lower part of the body) and the common iliac vein draining the deoxygenated blood from the pelvis and the lower limbs towards the inferior vena cava. At the lumbar intervertebral disc level, the common iliac artery divides into internal (posterior) and external (anterior) iliac arteries, irrigating the pelvic structures and the lower limbs, respectively. The internal iliac artery next bifurcates into an anterior (giving the obturator, umbilical, rectal and internal pudendal arteries) and a posterior divisions, dividing in the sacral area. The common iliac vein transports the blood coming from the internal and external iliac veins, receiving a network of veins called like the arteries. The inferior epigastric vessels, branches of the external iliac vessels, irrigate the abdominal wall. The obturator nerve (in yellow) arises from the lumbar plexus and goes down vertically inside the pelvis; it goes under the external iliac vessels and innervates the thigh muscles. The ureter (in greenish yellow) carries the urine from the kidney to the bladder. Upon the lateral pelvic wall lies the iliacus muscle (in red) followed by the psoas major muscle, flexor of the hip. Located on the right of the common iliac vessels, the obturator internus muscle allows the thigh rotation around the pelvis; it extends towards the tendinous arch (in white) of levator ani muscle, covering the
