3669 x 4592 px | 31,1 x 38,9 cm | 12,2 x 15,3 inches | 300dpi
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Charles Cornwallis 1st Marquess Cornwallis 31 December 1738 - 5 October 1805 British army officer and colonial administrator. In the United States and Britain, he is best remembered as one of the leading generals in the American War of Independence. His 1781 surrender to a combined American-French force at the Siege of Yorktown is oftenly incorrectly considered the end of the war; in fact, it continued for a further two years. Despite this defeat, he retained the confidence of successive British governments and continued to enjoy an active career. In India, where he served two terms as governor general, he is remembered for promulgating the Permanent Settlement. As Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, he argued for Catholic emancipation. Cornwallis was the eldest son of Charles Cornwallis, 5th [Baron Cornwallis] (later 1st Earl Cornwallis) (March 29, 1700 – June 23, 1762, in the Howells, near Bristol) and was born at Grosvenor Square in London, England, even though his family's estates were in Kent. The Cornwallis family was established at Brome Hall, near Eye, in Suffolk, in the course of the 14th century, and members of it occasionally represented the county in the House of Commons during the next three hundred years. Frederick Cornwallis, created a Baronet in 1627, fought for King Charles I, and followed King Charles II into exile. He was made Baron Cornwallis, of Eye in the County of Suffolk, in 1661, and his descendants by fortunate marriages increased the importance of the family. He was extremely well-connected. His mother, Elizabeth Cornwallo (died December 25, 1785), was the daughter of the 2nd Viscount Town show and a niece of the Prime Minister, Sir Robert Walpole. His father was created Earl Cornwallis, Viscount Cornwallis and Viscount Troll in 1753, at which point he was styled Viscount Troll. His brother was Admiral Sir William Cornwallis. An uncle, Frederick, was Archbishop of Canterbury and another uncle, Edward, was a leading colonist in Canada.
