Produits animaux; . ote forme. Il suffira pour notre but actuel de classe des chiens de moins de trois têtes :— 1. Les chiens de ferme, qui comprennent le colly, le chien des bergers et des drovers, le mastiff et le tauldog. 2. Chiens de chasse, en tant que terrier, chien de chasse, harrier, beagle et lévriers. 3. Les chiens de tir, comme le pointeur, le compositeur, et le spaniel.Le chien est vieux à quinze ans, et vit rarement au-delà de vingt. Les chiens sont encouragés et gardés dans la plupart des pays, les compagnons, les chiens de ménage, les gardiens de moutons, pour la chasse, et dans de nombreux cas pour les bêtes de dépouille. 238 TRAÎNEAUX DE CHIENS ARCTIQUES. Dans ce

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Animal products; . ot form. It will be sufficient for our present purpose to class dogs underthree heads :— 1. Farm dogs, which includes the colly, the shepherds anddrovers dog, the mastiff, and the bulldog. 2. Hunting dogs, as the terrier, the hound, the harrier, thebeagle, and the greyhound. 3. Shooting dogs, as the pointer, the setter, and the spaniel.The dog is old at fifteen years, and seldom lives beyond twenty. Dogs are encouraged and kept in most countries ascompanions, housedogs, guardians for sheep, for the chase, andin many cases for beasts of draught. 238 ARCTIC DOG SLEDGES. In this country the employment of the dog for drawing burdens, or as a turnspit, has been done away with; but on the Continentthey are still harnessed to small carts, and dog-trains for sledgesare much employed in the Arctic Regions. In Siberia, Greenland, and other northern countries, five dogsare yoked to a sledge, two and two, with the fifth in front as aleader. In general, only one person rides in a sledge, who sits. ARCTIC DOG SLEDGE. sideways, and guides the animals by reins fastened to their collars.Such is their fleetness, that they have been known to perform ajourney of 270 miles in three days and a half, and so great theirstrength, that they will convey a sledge containing three personsand their baggage sixty miles in a day over the snow. The Esquimaux Dog (Cams famzliarlstvax. borcalls).—CaptainLyon thus describes the Esquimaux dog: In form he is verysimilar to our shepherds dogs in England, but is more muscularand broad-chested, owing to the constant and severe work towhich he is brought up. His ears are pointed, and the aspect of THE ESQUIMAUX DOG. 239 the head is somewhat savage. In size a fine dog is about theheight of the Newfoundland breed, but broad like a mastiff inevery part except the nose. Young dogs are put into harness assoon as they can walk. Every dog is distinguished by a name, and the angry repetition of it has an effect as instantaneous as anapplication

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