Thomas Cromwell, premier comte d'Essex, KG (c. 1485 – 28 juillet 1540), était un avocat et un homme d'État anglais qui a servi de premier ministre au roi Henry VIII d'Angleterre de 1532 à 1540. Cromwell était l'un des plus forts et des plus puissants défenseurs de la réforme anglaise. Il a aidé à concevoir une annulation du mariage du roi avec la reine Catherine d'Aragon pour permettre à Henry d'épouser sa maîtresse Anne Boleyn. Après avoir omis en 1534 d'obtenir l'approbation par le Pape de la demande d'annulation, le Parlement a approuvé la revendication du roi d'être chef de l'Église séparatiste d'Angleterre, donnant ainsi à Henry l'autho

• Contributeur: CPA Media Pte Ltd / Alamy Banque D'Images
• ID de l’image: 2B031CP
• Taille du fichier: 55 MB (2,3 MB Téléchargement compressé)
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• Dimensions: 3974 x 4840 px | 33,6 x 41 cm | 13,2 x 16,1 inches | 300dpi
• Date de la prise de vue: 1 décembre 2015
• Photographe: Pictures From History

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Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex, KG (c. 1485 – 28 July 1540), was an English lawyer and statesman who served as chief minister to King Henry VIII of England from 1532 to 1540. Cromwell was one of the strongest and most powerful advocates of the English Reformation. He helped to engineer an annulment of the king's marriage to Queen Catherine of Aragon to allow Henry to marry his mistress Anne Boleyn. After failing in 1534 to obtain the Pope's approval of the request for annulment, Parliament endorsed the King's claim to be head of the breakaway Church of England, thus giving Henry the authority to annul his own marriage. Cromwell subsequently plotted an evangelical, reformist course for the embryonic Church of England from the unique posts of vicegerent in spirituals and vicar-general. During his rise to power, Cromwell made many enemies, including his former ally Anne Boleyn; he played a prominent role in her downfall. He later fell from power after arranging the King's marriage to a German princess, Anne of Cleves. Cromwell hoped that the marriage would breathe fresh life into the Reformation in England, but because Henry found his new bride unattractive, it turned into a disaster for Cromwell and ended in an annulment six months later. Cromwell was arraigned under a bill of attainder and executed for treason and heresy on Tower Hill on 28 July 1540. The King later expressed regret at the loss of his chief minister.

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