. Un manuel de laboratoire et texte-livre de l'embryologie. L'embryologie. Le larynx, la trachée ET LES POUMONS 175 thyreoid le cartilage est formé de deux plaques latérales, qui ont chacun deux centres d chondrifi- cation. Ces plaques se développer ventrad et fusible dans la ligne médiane. Le anlages des cartilages cricoïde et arytenoid sont d'abord continue. Plus tard, le sepa- cartilage taux centres élaborent pour le arytenoids. La première est au cricoïde dorsad incomplète mais finit par former un anneau complet. L'cricoid peut donc être considérée comme une modification de l'anneau de la trachée. Le corniculate les cartilages sont des portions de la voiture arytenoid

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. A laboratory manual and text-book of embryology. Embryology. LARYNX, TRACHEA AND LUNGS 175 thyreoid cartilage is formed as two lateral plates, each of which has two centers of chondrifi- cation. These plates grow ventrad and fuse in the median line. The anlages of the cricoid and arytenoid cartilages are at first continuous. Later, sepa- rate cartilage centers develop for the arytenoids. The cricoid is at first incomplete dorsad but eventually forms a complete ring. The cricoid may therefore be regarded as a modified tracheal ring. The corniculate cartilages are portions of the arytenoid cartilages and separate from them. The cuneiform cartilages are derived from the cartilage of the epiglottis. The Tracheal Tube.—This gradually elongates during development and its columnar epithelium becomes ciliated. Muscle fibers and the anlages of the cartilaginous rings appear at 17 mm. The glands develop as ingrowths of the epithelium during the last five months of pregnancy. The Lungs.—Soon after the lung anlages or stem buds are formed (5 mm. embryos), the right bronchial bud becomes larger and is directed more caudally. c) Fig. 168.—Dorsal and ventral views of the lunRs from a human embryo of five weeks (Merkel). Ap, apical bronchus; Di, D2, etc., dorsal; Vi, ¥2, etc., ventral bronchi; Jc, infracardial bronchus. (Fig. 165). At 7 mm. the stem bronchi give rise to two bronchial buds on the right side, to one on the left. The smaller bronchial bud on the right side is the apical bud. The other buds, right and left, are known as ventral bronchi. There are thus formed three bronchial rami on the right side, two on the left, and these correspond to the primitive lobes of the lungs (Fig. 168). On the left side, an apical bud is interpreted as being derived from the first ventral bron- chus. It develops later and remains small so that a lobe corresponding to the upper lobe of the right lung is not developed in the left lung (Naroth). The upper lobe of the left lung thus wo

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• bookcentury1900
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• booksubjectembryology
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