. Une histoire des Etats-Unis . étaient plus redoutés comme un adversaire.Henry Clay, l'autre grand orateur de ces jours-là, avait une influence personnelle azonderful et une voix persuasive, qui, pendant qu'il parlait, semblait tout porter avant lui. 238. La réforme de la température. (1826-1837.) —parmi d'autres formes qui ont été prises sérieusement était celle de tempérament.en 1826, l'American Temperance Society a été organisée à Boston. Cette société a été la première à proclamer la doctrineof abstinence totale, car jusqu'ici la modération dans l'aidbuvant a été le point encouragé par les orateurs sur la tempérance. La nouvelle société était active dans

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. A history of the United States . were more dreaded as an opponent.Henry Clay, the other great orator of those days, had awonderful personal influence and a persuasive voice, which, while he was speaking, seemed to carry all before him. 238. Temperance Reform. (1826-1837.) —Among other re-forms that were taken up earnestly was that of temperance.In 1826 the American Temperance Society was organized atBoston. This society was the first to proclaim the doctrineof total abstinence, for hitherto moderation in drinking hadbeen the point urged by speakers on temperance. The newsociety was active in spreading its doctrines by means ofpublic lecturers and in other ways, so that numerous similarorganizations were soon formed. The Washingtonian move-ment was started at Baltimore in 1840; it was primarily aneffort to aid in the reformation of drunkards, and from themembers of the society a pledge of total abstinence was re-quired. John B. Gough, the great temperance orator, beganto lecture under the auspices of these societies.. DANIEL WEBSTER. RISE OF THE ABOLITIONISTS. 217 239. Rise of the Abolitionists. — The very important Anti-slavery movement began about this time. This might per-haps be more properly called the rise of the Abolitionists.It has been seen already that the early statesmen of America, almost without exception, disapproved of slavery and lookedforward to its abolition in the not far-distant future. It hasalso been seen (sect. 159) that the invention and employ-ment of Eli Whitneys cotton-gin had changed the feelingtowards slavery in the southern states. The object of thosein the free states who had taken any interest in the matterhad been to confine slavery within the limits it already occu-pied and to prevent its extension; even the antislavery menhad done little more than support a scheme of gradual eman-cipation, or of colonization in Africa. But in 1831 WilliamLloyd Garrison began in Boston the publication of a papercalled The Liberator^ in which he a

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