Mécanique d'engineeringComprising statique et dynamique des solides : et la mécanique des matériaux de constructions, ou de résistance et l'élasticité des poutres, colonnes, arches, arbres, etc . e parallèle à la direction de l'axe de la flexion de l'avant ; (5.) Les éléments de l'organisme figurant entre les sections transversales consécutives anytwo, dont l'intersection avec la surface neutre neutre sont les axes d'thesections, expérience élongations (ou les contractions, accord-ing comme ils sont situés sur un côté ou l'autre de surface theneutral), dans une direction axiale, dont les montants à areproportional thei

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Mechanics of engineeringComprising statics and dynamics of solids: and the mechanics of the materials of constructions, or strength and elasticity of beams, columns, arches, shafts, etc . e parallel to the direction ofthe axis before flexure; (5.) The elements of the body contained between anytwo consecutive cross-sections, whose intersections withthe neutral surface are the respective Neutral Axes of thesections, experience elongations (or contractions, accord-ing as they are situated on one side or the other of theneutral surface), in an axial direction, whose amounts areproportional to their distances from the neutral axis, andindicate corresponding tensile or compressive stresses ; (6.) Ft=Ec; (7.) The dimensions of the cross-section are small com-pared with the length of the piece ; (8.) There is no shear perpendicular to the force planeon internal surfaces perpendicular to that plane. In the locality where any one of the external forces isapplied, local stresses are of course induced which demandseparate treatment. These are not considered at present. 225. Illustration.—Consider the case of flexure shown inFig. 221. The external forces are three (neglecting the. Fig. 221. 246 MECHANICS OF ENGINEERING. weight of the beam), viz.: Plt P2, and P3. Px and P3 areloads, P2 the reaction of the support. The force plane is vertical. NYL is the neutral line orelastic curve. NA is the neutral axis of the cross-sectionat m ; this cross-section, originally perpendicular to thesides of the prism, is during flexure | to their tangentplanes drawn at the intersection lines ; in other words, theside view QNB, of any cross-section is perpendicular tothe neutral line. In considering the whole prism free wehave the system Pl9 P2, and P3 in equilibrium, whencefrom JET==0 we have P2=Pi-hPs, and from JF(mom. aboutO)=0, PJ, 3=Ph. Hence given Pj we may determine theother two external forces. A reaction such as P2 is some-times called a supporting force. The elements above theneutral su

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